Haber–Bosch ammonia synthesis: N₂ + 3H₂ ⇌ 2NH₃

ChemistryKinetics & EquilibriumAges 16–17

A reaction vessel holds N₂ and H₂ molecules; once running, they collide and gradually convert to NH₃ until equilibrium is reached. Drag pressure, temperature, and the H₂ : N₂ mole ratio, and toggle the iron catalyst, to see the equilibrium yield and the time to reach it change exactly as Le Chatelier's principle predicts: raising the pressure or lowering the temperature raises the yield, but a lower temperature slows the reaction down. A yield-versus-pressure graph is plotted at the chosen temperature.