Industrial enzymes – Michaelis–Menten kinetics and immobilized enzymes

BiologyBiotechnologyAges 15–16

Pick a real-world application – lactase for lactose-free milk, pectinase for clarifying fruit juice, protease in biological detergent – then adjust substrate concentration and enzyme amount to see the reaction rate saturate according to Vmax and Km. Turn on enzyme immobilized on alginate beads to reuse it across many batches and compare the cost with free enzyme, which is used only once.